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WELCOME TO SPACE TO
GROUND, I'M GARY JORDAN.

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THIS WEEK, TWO COSMONAUTS
VENTURED OUTSIDE THE SPACE

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STATION FOR A SPACEWALK.

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EXPEDITION 59 COMMANDER
OLEG KONENENKO

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AND FLIGHT ENGINEER ALEXEY
OVCHININ CONDUCTED THE FOURTH

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SPACEWALK OF 2019.

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AFTER HEADING OUT THE HATCH

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OF THE PIRS DOCKING
COMPARTMENT AIRLOCK,

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THE DUO SET OUT TO INSTALL
HANDRAILS ON THE RUSSIAN SEGMENT

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OF THE COMPLEX, RETRIEVE
SOME SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS,

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AND CONDUCT MAINTENANCE WORK.

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THE TWO COSMONAUTS PAYED
TRIBUTE TO ALEXEY LEONOV

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FOR HIS 85TH BIRTHDAY
WITH PLACARDS ADDED

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TO THEIR ORLAN SPACESUITS
FOR THE EXCURSION.

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LEONOV WAS THE FIRST HUMAN TO
CONDUCT A SPACEWALK ON MARCH 18,

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1965 DURING THE VOSKHOD
2 MISSION,

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WHEN HE EXITED THE
SPACECRAFT FOR 12 MINUTES.

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IMPORTANT SCIENCE
BEING CONDUCTED

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IN MICROGRAVITY IS GETTING
READY TO COME BACK TO 1G.

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STATION ASTRONAUTS WILL HAVE
MUCH OF THIS SUNDAY DEDICATED

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TO LOADING UP THE SPACEX
DRAGON WITH SCIENCE

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FOR ITS RETURN HOME
ON JUNE THIRD.

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AMONG THE MORE THAN 4,200
POUNDS OF CARGO RETURNING

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TO EARTH INCLUDES EXPERIMENTS
IN PROTEIN CRYSTAL GROWTH,

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RODENT RESEARCH,
MICROALGAE, AND DNA STUDIES.

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TUNE INTO LIVE COVERAGE OF
DRAGON'S DEPARTURE FROM STATION

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ON NASA TV OR THE
AGENCY'S WEBSITE.

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THERE'S A LOT OF SCIENCE TO CRAM
INTO THE DRAGON FOR RETURN HOME,

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SOME OF WHICH REPLICATES
THE STRUCTURE

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AND FUCTION OF HUMAN ORGANS.

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BUT WHEN THEY'RE THE
SIZE OF A THUMB DRIVE,

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IT MAKES IT A BIT EASIER TO FIT.

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TISSUE CHIPS ARE TINY DEVICES
THAT CONTAIN HUMAN CELLS

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IN A 3D MATRIX THAT HELP
SCIENTISTS STUDY HOW THOSE CELLS

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RESPOND TO STRESSES,
DRUGS, GENETIC CHANGES,

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AND NOW, MICROGRAVITY.

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CHIPS SPECIALIZED TO LOOK AT
AREAS LIKE LUNG HOST DEFENSE,

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THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER,
MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE

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AND KIDNEY FUNCTION CAN
BE TESTED USING FACILITIES

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ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION TO SEE WHAT HAPPENS

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TO THESE ORGANS IF YOU TAKE
AWAY GRAVITY FROM THE EQUATION.

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TISSUE CHIPS WILL BE RETURNING
ON THE SPACEX DRAGON TO EARTH

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SO SCIENTISTS CAN CONTINUE
STUDYING THESE FUNCTIONS AND SEE

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IF THERE'S AN EFFECT
WHEN SWITCHING BACK TO 1G

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AND WHETHER THE CHANGES
ARE REVERSED

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FROM WHAT THEY'VE
SEEN IN MICROGRAVITY.